Clustering spatio–seasonal hydrogeochemical data using self-organizing maps for groundwater quality assessment in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

The Red River Delta (RRD) is the second largest delta in Vietnam, and its local communities depend on groundwater sources for water supply. A clear understanding of the groundwater hydrogeochemical properties, particularly their changes from the dry to rainy seasons and spatial characteristics, is invaluable and indispensable for the management and protection of this important water resource. …

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater from the two main aquifers in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

In the Red River Delta, situated in the northern part of Vietnam, nearly its entire population depends solely on groundwater for daily water consumptions. For this reason, groundwater quality assessments must be carefully carried out using hydrogeochemical properties, to ensure effective groundwater resource planning for the Delta’s present and future groundwater use. In this study, …

Environmental impact assessment using a utility-based recursive evidential reasoning approach for structural flood mitigation measures in Metro Manila, Philippines

Highlights   • An evidential reasoning approach was used in the EIA of flood control projects. • New utility functions for the evidential reasoning approach were developed. • The new utility functions are based on the concept of “gains and losses”. • The overall environmental impact of each SFMM was effectively characterized. • The new …

Environmental impact assessment of structural flood mitigation measures by a rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) technique: A case study in Metro Manila, Philippines

Highlights • The RIAM is used in the EIA of flood control projects in the Philippines. • Project phasing is proposed as additional feature in the RIAM method. • A slight modification in the B criteria and range bands of the RIAM was proposed. • The modified RIAM provides highly organized and more meaningful EIA results. • …